Machine for surface finishing paper and similar materials



June 17,1924.

A M. DANIELS MACHINE FOR SURFACE FINISHING PAPER AND SIMILAR MATERIALS Filed Nov. 2 1921 ml Om V law/wen? 7 U3 miiwrgfhznzezs,

June 17 1924.

A M. DANIELS MACHINE FOR SURFACE FINISHING PAPER AND SIMILAR MATERIALS 2 Sheets-Sheai 2 Filed Nov. 2 1923 Patented June 17, 1924 A UNITED STATES.

A MILLARD DANIELS, or ADAMS, MASSACHUSETTS.

MACHINE r03 SURFACE FINISHING PAPER AND SIMILAR MATERIALS.

Application filed November 2, 1921. Serial No. 512,264.

face finishing paper or other sheet material.

The invention and its aims and objects will be readily understood from the following description, takenin connection with the accompanying drawings of one embodiment of the invention herein shown and described for illustrative purposes, and of the under lying method, itbeing understood that the invention in its true scope is definitely set forth in the appended claims:

In the-drawings,

1 is a side elevation, partly diagram-,

matic, of one illustrative embodiment of the invention Fig. 2 is a detail of the clutch and of part of the stop motion for operating the same; Fig. 3 is a detail of the feed tapes and their drivingmechanism; and

Fig. f is a detail of the stop mechanism and adjacent parts. j

The invention will now be described in its application to the surface finishing or glazing, or calendering of paper and cardboard, but it is to be understood that as to certain of its features the invention is not limited to such application but is equally applicable to the surface finishing or surface treating of other sheet material, and furthermore may be applied to calendering machines other than that illustrated,such as breakers and to other machines which differ more or less from calenders.

Referring to the figures, F ig. 1 shows two calendering machines placed in tandem relation. Each machine herein comprises three rolls, an upper roll 2, a lower r0114 and an intermediate roll 6, but any suitable number of rolls may be used. 2 The upper and lower rolls are herein composed of metal, preferably chilled iron. .while the intermediate rolls are. composed of a metallic core, preferably chilled iron, covered with a layer of some suitable yielding material, hereln laminated cotton or paper, This arrange PATENT OFFICE- ment may, however, be varied, and rolls of any suitable material may be used within the scope of my invention. The rolls are journaled in journal boxes 8 mounted in vertical slots 10 provided in the opposed lateral frame members 12 rising from a suitable base 14. Across the slot 10 of each side frame member there extends a cross head or cap. 16, bolted or otherwise rigidly secured upon the .top surface of said side frame members. The journal boxes of the upper and intermediate rolls are slidably guided in the vertical slots 10 of the opposed lateral frame members, and screws 18, hav ing screw-threaded connection with vertical screw-threaded openings 20 extending through the cross-head, are adapted tobear with their lower ends upon the upper surfaces of the journal boxes of the upper rolls.

Adjacent their upper ends said screws 18 are provided with lever arms 21 by which the screws may be turned to press together the upper, lower and intermediate rolls and are also provided with lock nuts 22 adjust able through the hand wheels shown so that j the rolls may be maintained in contact under the required pressure. The rolls of each calender are driven independently of the rolls'o-f the other, the drive being communi-' cated from any suitable'source of power and by any suitable transmission as by a belt from a line shaft. through afipulley .(not shown) on the end of. the bottom roll, or independently from motorsthrough gearing or chain and sprocket wheel driving connections. From the lower roll to the interis had through the frictional engagement of the rolls. 1

Suitable feeding mechanism is provided to feed the sheets of paper to one calender and thence to the other one. Referring more particularly to Fig. 1,there is shown at the left of said figure and in front of one of the calenders, a feed table 24 upon mediate and upper roll driving move-ment journaled a cross shaft 32, Figs. 1 and 2,

carrying a loose pulley 34, together with a which serve to guide and drive endless band conveyors in the form of a series of feed tapes 54', such tapes being of suitable number and substantially equally spaced longitudinally of said rolls. The uppermost tape roll 52"is adjustably mounted on the feeder frame 26 in any usual and well known manner to provide for the taking-up of slack in the endless feed tapes. Some or all of the rolls may be provided with crowned or swelled portions where engaging the tapes to maintain the latter in. fixed paths. The tapes 54 also travel over a small guide roller 53 located near the upper calender roll 2 and journaled in brackets on the calender frame. A cooperating set of feed tapes 58 is caused to travel also over the tape rolls 52 on the two intermediate shafts 40 and over a small guide roller 59, the latter located directly below the guide roller (F 3) for the tapes 54, the roller 59 being also journaled in brackets on the calender frame. On the return path the tapes 58 pass from the guide roller 59 over a tape roll 66 which is journaled in an arm 68 adjustably secured to the feeder frame to provide for an adjustable tension, and thence over a tape roll 57 carried by a shaft 60 journaled in the lower part of the feeder frame and closely adjacent the shaft 46'. The two sets of tapes 54 and 58 therefore provide endless conveyors which converge just above the, lowermost guide rolls 52 and 57 and then continue in contact with each other'to a point above the upper calender roll, so that a paper sheet inserted between the lowermost tape rolls is seized between the conveyors and delivered to the top of the first calender roll.

To the right of the upper calender roll 2 a shaft 70 is journaled in the calender frame 12 (Fig. 1), this shaft carrying a feed tape roll 71 which serves to guide a series of feed tapes 73, the latter also runnii'ig over small upper and lower guide rolls 7 2 and 76 respectively journaled in the calender frame 12. The guide roll 76 is located in such position that it brings the tapes in close proximity to the point of contact between the upper calender roll 2 and the intermediate calender roll 6, while the upper guide roll 72 is so located as to bring the tapes in close proximity to the guiderolls 53 and 59 for the tapes 54 and 58. Between the rolls 72 and 76 the feed tapes pass in contact with the surface of the calender roll 2 and are driven by such contact and are qualified to receive between them and the surface of the roll the sheets discharged from the tapes 54 and 58 and cause them to be carried over the roll 2 and between the calender rolls 2 and 6.

A sheet after passing between the upper calender roll 2 and the intermediate roll 6 is carried around the intermediate roll through the utilization of a set of guide tapes 83 similar to the guide tapes 73, the tapes 88 being caused to pass over upper and lower guiderolls 79 and 80 and an intermediate roll 82. The intermediate guide roll 82 is mounted on a shaft 78 which together with the rolls 79' andSO are journaled in the calender frame. The upper guide roll 79 is located close to the p'oint'of contact between the upper calender roll 2 and the intermediate calender roll 6 on the discharge side thereof, and the lower guide roll 80 is located close to the point of contact between the intermediate calender roll 6 and the lower calender roll 4 on the receiving side thereof, so that these tapes are operated in all substantial respects similar totapes 7 3 and cause the sheets passing between the upper and intermediate rolls to be carried over the intermediate roll and conveyed between the intermediate and lower rolls 6 and 4 respectively.

The second calender is provided with a feeder frame 84 similar in all respects to the feeder frame 26 of the first calender and with feeding mechanism similar to the feeding mechanism of the first calender, except as hereinafter pointed out. Cross shaft 86 cor responds to cross shaft 82 and carries a loose pulley 88 together with a clutch and arm for operating the latter similar to the corresponding parts of the first calender. The loose pulley S8 is driven by a cross belt 40 from the upper calender roll 2. The shaft 86 carries a pulley similar to the pulley 44 already referred to which drives a series of transverse shafts 91, 92, 94, 96 by means of a belt 98 running from said pulley over pul leys 100 on the shafts 91, 92 and 96 and over the pulley 99 on shaft 94.

The shafts 91 92, 94 and 96 carry tape guide rolls 101, 102 103 and 104 respec tively which serve to guide and drive a series of feed tapes 105. the latter extending also over a small guide roll 97 journaled iu the calender frame just above the upper calender roll of the second calender machine. A cooperating set of feed tapes 106 extends over the guide rolls 103 and 104 on the shafts 94 and 96 respectively and also over suitable tape guide rolls carried by the shafts 107 and 108, the former being mount ed in the lower end of the feeder frame adjacent the shaft- 92, and the latter in the lateral frame members of the calender. From theg'uide roll 104 the tapes 106 extend to and over a small guide roll 110 journaled in the calender frame and located just above the upper calender roll and below the guide roll 97. Thence the feed tapes 106 extend back to and over a take-up guide roll 114 adjustably mounted within the conveyor frame and thence down to and over the lower guide roll 108. The tension in the first set of feed tapes 105 may be regulated by the position of the guide roll 101, the shaft 91 of which is adjustably mounted in the feed frame.

The paper sheets being delivered from the first calender between the feedtapes 105 and 106 by means hereinafter described are conveyed and delivered to the upper calender roll of the second calender from between the guide rolls 97 and 110, and are thence carried over and between the rolls in succession by the employment of feed tapes similar to those described in connection with the first calender. At the rightof the upper calender roll 2 of the second calender, the shaft 118 is journaled in the calender frame 12 and carries a tape guide roll 120 over which passes a series of feed tapes 122 which also pass over the upper and lower guide rolls 124 and 128, journaled in the frame members 12 and similarly located with re spect to the upper calender roll of the second calender, as were the guide rolls 7 2 and 76 of the first calender. calender roll 6 of the second calender is also equipped with'a series of feed tapes 138 having the same function as the feed tapes 83 in the first calender and being guided over the upper small guide roll 132 and the lower small guide roll 134 journaled in the calender frame, and over the intermediate guide roll 136 carried by the shaft130 also journaled inthe calender frame.

The lay-oif or delivery of the first calender comprises endless conveyor bands in the form of tapes which are carried by devices carried on brackets 1) mounted on the lateral frame members of the calender. For this purpose there are journaled in these brackets shafts 142 and 143 and a guide roll 144. The shaft 143 carries an outer lower delivery 1'01]. 146, while the shaft 142 carries an innerlower delivery roll 148. The shaft 142 and guide roll 144 are adjustably mounted, as shown,

on the brackets 140. There is also provided a shaft 152 carrying the upper inner delivery 1'01] 156 (Fig. 3) mounted in a swing arm 154, the latter pivotally supported on the lateral frame members 12 of the calen der. Endless delivery tapes 158 run from the lower inner delivery roll 148 to the lower outer delivery roll 146, and endless conveyor tapes 160 cooperating therewith run from the upper inner delivery roll 156 to the.

upper outer delivery guide roll 144. The lower set of tapes 158 is driven by the belt The intermediate 140 (Fig.

tapes is driven by a cross belt'167 running I '70.

from the pulley 164 to a pulley 168 on the shaft 152 so that a sheet entered between the two sets of tapes from the first calender is conveyed and discharged from be-" tween the rolls 144 and 146.

The lay-ofl or delivery for the second calender may be generally similar to that just described comprising brackets 1.70 and swing arms 172 carrying shafts 174, 176, 17 8 I and 180 carrying suitable tape driving and guide rolls on which are arranged sets of endless delivery tapes 184, 186. The lower.

set of delivery tapes 184 is driven from a belt 188 running over pulleys 192, 190 on the end of the lower calender roll and the shaft 176 respectively, while a cross'belt 194 running over pulley 190 (Fig. 3) on shaft 176 and on pulley 196 of shaft 180 serves to drive the upper set of tapes 186.

Both calenders are preferably provided wit-h sets of the usual weighted and pivoted finger bars carrying the fingers 198 located between adjoining tapes and entering the angles between the first and second calender rolls to strip the sheets of paper from the former shculd they tend to adhere thereto, as will be readily understood by those skilled in the art. At the take-off or delivery of each calender there are provided similar sets of fingers 197 engaging the lower delivery side of the intermediate roll and other fingers 199 engaging the upper delivery side of the lower roll and so positioned with reference to the delivery tapes as to compel a sheet emerging from between the two rolls to pass between the upper and lower sets of delivery tapes. The calendered sheets of paper are discharged from the lay-off of the second calender into a suitable receptacle, herein shown as a catch box 200 of any suitable construction.

In the illustrated form of the invention the feed takes place as follows: The sheets presented singly and successively to the tape rolls 52 and57 on shafts 46 and 60 respeci tively are carried by tapes 54 and 58 to the top of the upper calender roll. 2 where they are presented to the tapes73 which carry them downwardly around saidcalender roll and into the nip between said roll and intermediate roll 6. Emerging from this hip they are presented to the feed tapes 83 by which they are carried down around the opposite side of the intermediate calender roll 6 and into the nip between the latter and the lower calender roll 4. Emerging from this nip, the sheets of paper enter between the feed tapes 158, 160 of the lay-off of the first calender which delivers them to feed tapes 105 and 106 of the feeding mechanism of the second calender, their progress thence through a second calender being similar in all respects to that just described with reference to the first calender, the sheets be ing finally delivered from the lay-off of the second calender into the catch box 200 (Fig. 1).

For the purposes of illustration I have shown and described the feed as applied to a tandem calender machine, wherein the sheet material is delivered to both calender's at the upper roll and taken orT from between the intermediate and lowest rolls, but the invention is not limited to a feed which imparts that precise course to the sheet material, nor, as before stated, is it limited either to tandem calender-s or machines limited specifically to c'alendering. My inven tion may be applied to feeding devices imparting a path of travel to the paper different from that described as related to the suc cessive rolls of the tandem calender, and may also be employed in connection with the type of calender known as a breaker and with other machines than calenders, or in tandem machines involving combinations other than a plurality of calenders.

The shaft 94 carrying the tape roll 103 will preferably be mounted for adjustment toward and from the first calender, thus en abling the position of the tape roll 103 to be so determined that each sheet will have been released from the bight between the calender rolls 1 and 6 of the first calender before they are gripped between the feed tapes 105 and 106 at the roll 103 on the shaft 9 1. Synchronism in the operation of the feeding means of the two calenders or between the calender rolls and the feeding means of the second calender is thus not essential. This is of importance for, if the feed by the first calender is faster than that by the second and a sheet of paper were to be held by the calender rolls of the first calender when gripped by the feeding means of the second calender (at the tape roll 103 for example). the sheet would be apt to be rumpled up, while if the feed by thefirst calender is slower than that by the second it would be apt to be torn. This might result, not only in the waste of considerable paper but also in. injury to the machine, as any im+ perfection, such as an undue thickness in sheets of paper passing between the calender rolls is apt to produce a lasting depression in the yielding covering of a celender roll. Furthermore, such injury to the yielding covering to the calender roll is apt to reproduce in subsequent sheets of paper passing through the calender, rendering them useless. Any suitable adjustable mounting may be used for the shaft 94, that herein provided preferably consisting .of brackets 202 (Fig. 1) in which said shaft is journaled and which are provided with longitudinal slots act through which extend screw-threaded bolts 206 provided with nuts 208 by which said brackets may be adjustably clan'iped to the lateral frame members of the calender. Means are thus provided for assuring a smooth passage of the sheets of paper from one calender to the other without injury to said sheets. In practice, it has been found desirable to drive the second calender at a slightly higher rate of speed than the first one, and owing to the above=described arrangement this is made possible. Preferably also the tape roll 103 will be made of relatively large diameter, thus avoiding a too abrupt bending of the sheets of paper in their passage around said roll and doing away with the tendency of the paper to crumple or tear at that point.

As already stated imperfections in the paper, particularly such as render the sheets thicker than normal, are apt to injure the calender rolls. The same is true where, as sometimes happens, two sheets or more are inadvertently fed through the machine by the operative. sheets simultaneously fed are apt to be crumpled, particularly in passing from one calender to the other through the intermediate feeding mechanism, orthe sheet may sometimes be crumpled, torn or otherwise damaged by the imperfect action of the weighted fingers. To avoid the passage of such imperfect paper through the machine and particularly through the second calender, means are herein provided whereby the feeding mechanism will be automatically arrested or stopped before the imperfect paper reaches the second calender rolls.

To this end the invention comprises a stop mechanism. This stop mechanism may be of any suitable construction, but herein con veniently comprises a series of disks 210 eccentrically mounted for rotary movement on the rod 212, the latter mounted on the feeder frame of the second calender slightly to the right of the tape roll 102 (Fig. 1). These disks are located between adjacent feed tapes in such relation to the sheet material which is fed between the same that the material in its travel just clears the edge of each disk. Each disk carries a contact 214E which is adapted to cooperate with another fixed contact 216. These contacts are in electrical circuits 218, 220 and connected to a suitable source of current, such as the lighting circuit 222, the circuits 218, 220 also passing through a knife switch 224. and a solenoid 226. The core of the solenoid is provided with a plunger 228 having a hook-shaped end which engages with a bent arm 230 of a pivoted detent lever 232, the latter having a shoulder 2341 which in a normal or set position arrests the upward movement of a latch lever 236. The latter is pivoted at 238 and has its opposite end underlying a shoulder 2 10 connected to a weight 242. The detent In such case two or more 236 normally sustains the weight 242, which latter is connected by flexible connections 244 with the free end of the clutch lever 38 on each of the calenders. I

The tapes and paper pass over a rigid roller 246 located just below and slightly in advance of the disks 210 so that if a thickened portion of the paper, due to whatever cause, passes over the roller" 246 and beneath the disks 210 the latter will be rotated in a contraclockwise direction (Fig. 4), thus bringing the contact 214 into engagement with the fixed contact 216 and energizing the solenoid 226. The solenoid core 228 will thus be drawn to the right (Fig. 1), withdrawing the shoulder 234 from the end of the detent 236, allowing the latter to tilt up and permitting the weight 242 to drop and raise the clutch levers 38 on the two calenders thus stopping the feed mechanism thereof by throwing out the clutches on the shafts 82 and 86. When the solenoid is thus energized, the knife switch 234is simultaneously opened through the connecting cord 229.

Preferably the supporting shaft 212 for the eccentric is mounted at opposite ends-in bearings 248 (Fig. 4) capableof being ads justed with relation to the path of the paper by any suitable means, as by the adjusting screws 250, so that the distance between the feed tapes and the disks can be accurately adjusted to accord with the kind and thickness of the paper passing through the machine.

A. stop motion similar to that described in connection with the feeding devices for the second calender may be employed in relation to the feed of a single calender and in fact may be usefully applied to the first calender of the tandem machine either with or without the stop mechanism for the second calender, or may be utilized to control the feeding mechanism for any similarinachine used for finishing or working on sheet material. In the illustrated form of the invention I have shown a form of stop mechanism applied to control the feeding mechanism of the first calender, so that if a number of sheets by mistake are simultaneously fed into the machine, or if torn or crumpled or paper unfitted to pass through the machine is delivered thereto, the feed. of the machine will be automatically stopped.

Such stop mechanism may be arranged in any suitable manner, but herein comprises a series of accurately adjusted contact fingers 252 carrier each by a disk 253 eccentrically mounted in the transverse rod 254, the ends of the fingers being positioned in proximity to the path of the paper, where it travels over the next to the lowermost tape roll 52 of the feed tapes for the first calender. The 7 ends of the contact fingers 252 are positioned in such relation to the paper that under normal conditions the latter clears the ends of the contact fingers. On the passage of an abnormally thickened portion, however, the ends of one or more of the fingers are engaged by the paper and swung up against one or more cooperatively arranged fixed contacts 256,thereby closing an electric circuit which is connected to operate a cut-out 262 (Fig. 1), diagrammatically represented in Fig. 1 but similar in construction to that,

controlled by the disks 210 already described. This cut-out controls a weight 264, which latter is connected through a flexible connection 266 to the lever arm 38 for the first calender clutch, so that when the stop mechanism is energized the control mechanism for the first calender is automatically and instantly stopped. The support 254 for the contact fingers is preferably adjustably mounted so that it may be accurately adjusted (by means not shown) to maintain the contact fingers at the required distance from the normal path of the paper, and the eccentric mounting of the disks serving to each operation involving handling of the paper by an operative on the feed side of the calender, as well as the handling of the paper by an operative on the delivery side of the calender, and furthermore the trans ferring of the paper from the delivery side of the calender back to the feed side thereof, if it is to be run through the calender again. By the tandem arrangement of two calenders herein shown, the paper is passed to the two calenders in one operation and with the requirement of the same number of operatives and the same amount of handling as would be required to pass it through a single calender. This represents a considerable saving both in time and money and reduces the handling to a minimum, which is a further advantage in that the more the paper is handled the more likely it is to be injured or soiled. The waste "and spoil resulting from the handling of the sheets of paper is thus avoided.

While herein only two calenders have been shown in tandem it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that three or even more couldbe similarly arranged without departing from the spirit of the invention.

It will be apparent that it is not indispensable that all of the features ,of the invention be used conjointly, since, they may be used to advantage separately in various combinations and sub-combinations. It will also.

be understood that, while the invention is herein described as embodied in the details illustrated, it is not to be considered as circumscribed by or limited to these details, or any of them, but that said details may be variously modified within the true scope of the invention which is definitely set forth by the claims.

lil

Claims:

1, In' combination a plurality of calenders in tandem, means to fed sheet material to the first calender, means to feed the material from each calender to the next one Without injury to the paper, and means to deliver the calendered paper from the last calender.

2. In a machine for surface finishing sheet material, in combination, a plurality of sets of finishing rolls in tandem, means to feed the sheet material to the first set of rolls, and means to: feed the material without in jury from one set of rolls to the next.

3. In a machine for surface finishing sheet material, in combination, two sets of finishing rolls in tandem, means to feed the sheet material to the first set of finishing rolls, means to feed the sheet material from the first set of finishing rolls to the second, and a stop motion to arrest the feeding mechanism on the passage of imperfect sheet material through the machine before said material reaches the second. set of finishing rolls.

4. In combination, a plurality of calenders in tandem, means to feed sheet material from the first calender to the second, and means dependent on the presence of abnormally conditionedsheet material for step ping the operation of the calenders.

5. In combination, a plurality of calenders arranged in tandem, means to feed paper to the first calender, means to automatically feed paper from the first calender to the second calender, and means to stop the calenders when an abnormally conditioned sheet advances toward a calender.

.6. The combination with a plurality of calenders arranged in tandem, feeding devices to convey sheets in succession from the first calender to the second, driving mechanism, and means dependent on the passage of a sheet having a portion of abnormal thickness for automatically stopping the driving mechanism.

7. The combination with separate sets of calender rolls arranged in tandem, feeding mechanism for automatically feeding successive sheets from the first set to the second, and means responsive to the passage of a sheet having an abnormal thickness for stopping the feeding mechanism.

8 In .an apparatus for working on sheet material, the combination with a plurality of sets .of rolls, means for conveying sheet material from the first set to the second set, electrical stop mechanism, and means controlling the stop mechanism engaging the sheet material in its passage from the first set to the second set.

9. In a machine for Working on sheet material, the combination with rolls, of a conveyer for feeding sheet material thereto comprising one or more pairs of co-acting endless bands adapted to receive sheet material between them, electrical stop mechanism, and means to control sa-id stop mechanism responsive to the passage toward said rolls of sheet material having an abnormally thickened portion. I l0. Inan apparatus for calendering sheet material, the combination with a set of calender rolls, of means for feeding sheetmaterial thereto, and electrically operable means for stopping the feeding of sheet material to said rolls responsive to the presentation of an abnormally thickened sheet portion.

11. In a machine for Working on sheet material, the combination with sets of rolls in tandem to which sheets of sheet material are adapted .to be fed in succession and positively engaged thereby, and means for automatically conveying successive sheets from one set to thenext adjacent one, said conveying means being adapted t9 release a sheet from positive engagement by the mechanism of the first set prior to positive engagement by the mechanism of the second set.

12. In an apparatus for Working on sheet material, the combination with a plurality of independently driven sets of rolls in tandem, each with its feeding mechanism adapted positively to grip successive sheets of sheet material and convey them through the rolls, and intermediate feeding devices to convey successive sheets from one set of rolls to the feeding devices for the next succeeding set, said intermediate feeding devices providing for the release of a sheet from positive gripping engagement by the first set of rolls prior to the positive gripping engagement by the feeding mechanism of the second set of rolls.

13. In a machine for calendering sheet material, the combination with sets of calender rolls arranged in tandem, calender-roll tapes for each set, feeding tapes for the first set, feeding tapes forjthe second set, and intermediate lay-off or delivery tapes to receive the successive sheets from the first set of calender rolls and delivering them to the feeding tapes of the second set of rolls, but providing for the vrelease of a sheet by the first set ofacalender rolls prior to its positive engagement by the feeding tapes of the second set.

,14, In a machine for calendering sheet material, the combination with sets of calender rolls arranged in tandem, calender-roll tapes for each set, feeding tapes for th first set, feeding tapes for the second set, and in.-

ill

termediate lay-oil or delivery tapes to receive the successive sheets from the first set of calender rolls and delivering them to the feeding tapes of the second set of rolls.

15. In a machine for working on sheet material, the combination with two sets of rolls, of a conveyer consisting of a pair of co-acting endless bands arranged to receive between them a sheet delivered from the rolls of one set and a second conveyer consisting of a pair of coacting endless bands arranged'to receive between them the sheet from said first conveyer and to convey said sheet to the rolls of the second set.

16. In a machine for working on sheet material, the combination with two sets of rolls, of a conveyer consistingof a pair of co-acting endless bands arranged to receive between them a sheet delivered from the rolls to one set and a second conveyer consisting of a pair of co-acting endlessbands arranged to receive between them the sheet from said first conveyer and toconvey the sheet to the rolls of the second set, the said second conveyer deferring positive gripping engagement upon said sheet until after its release by the rolls of the first set.

17. In a machine for working on sheet material, the combination of two sets of separately driven rolls arranged in tandem, of an endless band conveyer serving as a lay-oft or delivery for the first set of rolls, said conveyer being driven with the first set of rolls, and an endless band conveyer driven with the second set of rolls and acting to feed the sheet delivered by said first conveyer to said second set of rolls.

18. In a machine for finishing sheet material, the combination of two sets of rolls, of a lay-0ft or delivery for the first set consisting of a pair of co-acting endless bands, and an intermediate feeding conveyer to de liver successive sheets from the first set to the second set and consisting of one or more sets of co-acting endless bands driven independently of said first conveyer.

19. In a machine for calendering sheet material, the combination with a plurality of sets of calender rolls independently driven, and an intern'iediate conveyer for conveying successive sheets from said first set to said second set and consisting of one or more pairs of co-acting endless bands arranged to receive between them a sheet delivered from the first set of rolls, said conveyer being driven with the calender rolls oft. said second set.

20. In an apparatus for calendering sheet material, comprising separate sets of calender rolls arranged in tandem, the second set being driven at a higher speed than the first set, and an intermediate feeding conveyer to convey successive sheets from the first set to the second set consisting of one or more pairs of co-acting endless bands arranged toreceive between them a sheet the second set of rolls.

21. In a machine for finishing sheet material, the combination with separate sets of rolls arranged in tandem, a lay-off or delivery device for-the first set comprising one or more pairs of co-acting endless hands adapted to receive between them a sheet delivered from the first set of rolls, and a second conveying device adapted to receive and convey such sheet to the second set of rolls after positively gripping the same, and comprising also one or more pairs of co-acting endless bands, said second conveyer being arranged to positively engage the sheet only after its release from positive engagement by the first set of rolls.

22. In a machine for finishing sheet material, the combination with two separate sets of rolls arranged in tandem, of a conveyer for conveying successive sheets from the first set to the second set and comprising one or more pairs of co-acting endless bands with means for gripping the sheet between the same at a predetermined point and means for adjusting the point at which the paper shall be gripped.

23. The combination with sets of rolls arranged in tandem, of the endless lay-off tapes 158 and 160 for the first set, and the cooperating endless feed tapes 105and 106 for the second set.

24. In an apparatus for finishing sheet material, the combination with two sets of calender rolls arranged in tandem, of feed tapes 105 and 106 for the second set, and

a stop motion controller 210.

25. In a machine for finishing sheet material fed through the machine in independent sheets, in combination, two sets of finishing rolls in tandem, means to feed the sheets of sheet material in succession to the first set of finishing rolls, means to feed the sheets of sheet material in succession from the first set of finishing rolls to the second, said means comprising means to grip the sheets to feed the same, said gripping means being located at a greater distance from the nip of the last two rolls of the first set than the length or" the sheet of sheet material. I

26. Ina machine for working on sheet material, the combination witha plurality of sets of rolls arranged in tandem, of feeding mechanism for feeding sheet material to the first set, feeding mechanism for feed ing sheet material from the first set to the second set, automatic stop mechanism for the feeding mechanism of the first set, and automatic stop mechanism for the feeding mechanism of the second set. I

27. In a machine for working on sheet material, the combination with a plurality of sets of rolls arranged in tandem, feeding mechanism for the rolls of the first set, feeding mechanism for the rolls of the second-set. an automatic stop device for stop,- ping the feeding mechanism only of the first set, and an automatic stop device for stopping the feeding mechanism of both sets.

28. In a machine for working on sheet material, the combination with a pair of rolls, of feeding mechanism therefor comprising cooperating sets of endless conveyer bands adapted to have presented between them successive sheets and convey them to the rolls, and automatic stop mechanism for stopping said feeding mechanism responsive to the passage of an abnormally thickened portion between said conveyor bands.

29. In a machine for working on sheet material, the combination with a plurality of sets of rolls in tandem, of endless band conveyers for feeding sheet material to the first set, intermediate lay-off conveyers to receive successive sheets from the first set of rolls and convey them to the feeding mechanism of the second set, and feeding mechanism for the second set including cndless band conveyers for conveying the sheet material received from the first set to the second set of rolls.

30. A machine for working on sheet material comprising sets of rolls arranged in tandem, feeding mechanism to feed successive sheets to the first set of rolls, feeding mechanism to deliver sheets from the first set to the second set of rolls, and automatic stop mechanism dependent on the passage of an abnormal sheet portion toward the first set of rolls to stop the feeding mechanism therefor.

31. In a machine for working on sheet material, the combination with a plurality of sets of rolls arranged in tandem, of feeding mechanism to feed successive sheets to said first set of rolls, feeding mechanism to feed sheets from said first set of rolls to said second set, automatic stop mechanism for stopping the. feeding mechanism of the first set without stoppage of the feeding mechanism for the second set dependent on the passage toward said first set of rolls of imperfect sheet material.

32. In a machine for finishing sheet material, fed through the machine in independent sheets, in combination, two sets of fin ishing rolls, means to feed the sheets of sheet material in succession to the first set of finishing rolls, means to feed the sheets of sheet material in succession from the first set of finishing rolls to the second set, said feeding means comprising means to grip in feeding them from the first set of finishing rolls, means to grip the sheets in feeding them to the second set of finishing rolls, and means relatively to adjust said two gripping means. I

34. In a machine for calendering sheet material, in combination, two sets of calender rolls, an intermediate conveyer for conveying successive sheets from said first set to said second set of calender rolls and consisting of one or more pairs of co-acting endless bands running over guide rolls and arranged to receive between them a sheet delivered from the first set of calender rolls and to convey it to the second set of calender rolls, each pair of endless bands com prising a feed roll of relatively large diameter to grip thesheet between the bands.

35. In a machine for .calendering sheet material, in combination, two sets of calender rolls, an intermediate conveyor for conveying successive sheets from said first set to said second set of calender rolls and consisting of one or more pairs of co-acting endless bands running over guide rolls and arranged to receive between them a sheet delivered from the first set of calender rolls and to convey it to the second set of calender rolls, each pair of endless bands comprising a feed roll of relatively large diameter to grip the sheet between. the bands, and adjustable relatively to the nip of the last two calender rolls of the first set of calender rolls.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

A MILLARD DANIELS. 

